Wednesday, March 31, 2021

Maundy Thursday - 1 April 2021

Quoted from Wikipedia [1]:

Maundy Thursday or Holy Thursday ... is the Christian holy day falling on the Thursday before Easter. It commemorates the Washing of the Feet (Maundy) and Last Supper of Jesus Christ with the Apostles, as described in the canonical gospels.

Quoted from another Wikipedia  page [2]:

Maundy  is the name of the Christian rite of footwashing, which traditionally occurs during Maundy Thursday church services.  Most scholars agree that the English word maundy  in that name for the day is derived through Middle English and Old French mandé, from the Latin mandatum (also the origin of the English word "mandate"), the first word of the phrase "Mandatum novum do vobis ut diligatis invicem sicut dilexi vos" ("A new commandment I give unto you: That you love one another, as I have loved you, that you also love one another.") This statement by Jesus in the Gospel of John 13:34 by which Jesus explained to the Apostles the significance of [H]is action of washing their feet.


[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maundy_Thursday, quoted without hyperlinks, bold emphasis and references.

Tuesday, March 30, 2021

Spy Wednesday - 31 March 2021

Quoted from Wikipedia [1]:

On Spy Wednesday, Christians remember that Jesus was betrayed by Judas [Iscariot], a clandestine spy among the disciples. Many churches belonging to various Christian denominations observe the [T]enebrae service on Spy Wednesday.
 
Quoted from another Wikipedia  page [2]:

The principal Tenebrae ceremony is the gradual extinguishing of candles upon a stand in the sanctuary called a hearse.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Wednesday, quoted without hyperlinks and references.
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenebrae, quoted without hyperlink and reference.


Sunday, March 28, 2021

The Last Supper & The Garden of Gethsemane

 Quoted from Wikipedia [1]:

The Last Supper is the final meal that, in the Gospel accounts, Jesus shared with his apostles in Jerusalem before his crucifixion. The Last Supper is commemorated by Christians especially on Maundy Thursday The Last Supper provides the scriptural basis for the Eucharist, also known as "Holy Communion" or "The Lord's Supper"

Quoted in part from compelling truth [2]:

The story of the Garden of Gethsemane can be found in Matthew 26:36-56, Mark 14:32-52, Luke 22:39-53, and John 18. After the Last Supper in the Upper Room, after Judas left to notify the chief priests that Jesus would be vulnerable, Jesus led His remaining disciples to the Garden of Gethsemane....

Once Jesus and the disciples arrived, Jesus drew away Peter, James, and John.... He asked them to stay with Him. "My soul is deeply grieved, to the point of death; remain here and keep watch with Me" (Matthew 26:38)....While Jesus [prayed] in anguish, Peter, James, and John fell asleep.

Jesus returned to the three and woke them up. "So, you men could not keep watch with Me for one hour? Keep watching and praying, that you may not enter into temptation; the spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak" (Matthew 26:40-41). Again He prayed, humbly and actively submitting to the will of God....

Jesus rose. When He found [His three disciples] sleeping again [the second time], He let them be. He reiterated His distress of what He must do, as well as His willingness. Then He returned to His disciples and woke them [the third time], saying, "Arise, let us be going; behold, the one who betrays Me is at hand!" (Matthew 26:46). 
 
Ludwig van Beethoven composed Christus am Ölberge.  "Christus am Ölberge (in English, Christ on the Mount of Olives), Op. 85, is an oratorio by Ludwig van Beethoven portraying the emotional turmoil of Jesus in the [G]arden of Gethsemane prior to [H]is crucifixion." [3]  The performance can be viewed on YouTube [4].

Below quoted are the German and English texts for Christus am Ölberge [5]:

The German text is in bold.  The names of characters and the number descriptions are given in English only.  The English text is followed by the German text.

Christ on the Mount of Olives

Christus am Ölberge

Jesus

Recitative and Aria

Jehovah, Thou my Father, as Thou hast power, give me strength to bear!

Now in this hour sorrowful is my grief.  I have glorified Thee.  Even before Thy command, from chaos the world was formed. The voices of Thy seraphs now thunder commanding him who dies for men alone to stand before Thy judgment seat.  O Father!  I will appear at his call, to intercede with Thee, to atone, I alone, for guilty man.  How can this feeble race, from dusted created, ever know the feeling that I, Thy only Son, must now endure?  Ah, see the pangs that throb my heart!  My soul is faint, my Father!  See how my heart does throb.  O pity me!

Jehovah, du mein Vater’ o sende Trost und Kraft und Stärke mir!  Sie nahet nun, doe Stunde meiner Leiden, von mir erkoren schon, noch eh’ die welt auf dein Geheiss dem Chaos sich entwand.  Ich höre deines Seraphs Donnerstimme.  Sie fordert auf, wer statt der Menschen sich vor dein Gericht jetzt stellen will.  O Vater!  Ich erschein’ auf deiner Ruf.  Vermittler will ich sein, ich büsse, ich allein, der Menschen Schuld.  Wie könnte dies Geschlecht, aus Staub gebildet , ein Gericht ertragen, das mich deinen Sohn, zu Boden drückt?  Ach sich’, wie Bangigkeit, wie Todesangst mein Herz mit Macht ergrieft!  Ich leide sehr, mein Vater!  o sieh’, erbarm’ dich mein!

My whole soul within me trembles, From the torture drawing near.  O behold me, see me tremble.  See the pain that fills my soul.  How my heart is full of sorrow.  With the thought of deathly pain.  Drops of blood and sweat of torment, From my forehead fall like rain.  Father!  O glorify Thou me, With the glory that is Thine, And the power if Thou are willing;  Take away this cup from me.

Meine Seele ist erschüttert von den Quallen die mir dräu’n; Schrecken fasst mich, und es zittert grässlich schaudernd mein Gebein.  Wie ein Fieberfrost ergreifet mich die Angst beim nahen Grab, und von meinem Antlitz träufet, statt des Schweisses, Blut herab, Vater!  Tief gebeugt und kläglich fleht dein Sohn hinauf zu dir!  Deiner Macht ist Alles möglich; nimm den Leidenskelch von mir!

Seraph and Chorus

Recitative and Aria

The Seraph spoke thus:  This is Jehovah’s son.  Behold him!  In the earth he lies;  for his Father now hath left him enduring terrible sorrow.  The Holy One has now prepared to die a bitter death for sinners; a willing saviour to save a cruel world, to a life everlasting.  Thus man lives eternally.

Erzitt’re, Erde!  Jehovah Sohn liegt hier, sein Antlitz lief in Staub gedrückt, vom Vater ganz verlassen, und leidet unnennbare Qual.  Der Gütige!  Er ist bereit, den martervollsten Tod zu sterben, damit die Menschen, die er liebt, vom Tode aufer stehen und ewig, ewig leben.

Prize the Redeemer’s goodness; All men prize His grace.  He dies in loving kindness to save your guilty race.  O praise Him, great Redeemer.  Your Saviour sacrificed.  To man He brings salvation Through faith, with hope of life.  To those dishonouring his sacrifice of blood, God shall condemn them all;  His judgement is their lot.

Preist des Erlösers Güte, preist, Menschen, seine Huld!  Er stirbt für euch aus Liebe, sein Blut tilgt eure Schuld, O Heil euch ihr Erlösten!  Euch winket Seligkeit, wenn ihr getreu in Liebe, in Glaub’ und Hoffnung seid, Doch weh!  Die frech entehren das Blut, das für sie floss, sie trifft der Fluch des Richters, Verdammung ist ihr Loos.

Jesus

Recitative

Abba, my Father, O declare!  Take away in this hour all my fear.  Nevertheless, not what I will, but Thine.

Verkündet, Seraph, mir dein Mund Erbarmen meines ew’gen Vaters?

Nimmt er des Todes Schrecknisse von mir?

Seraph

So spake Jehovah: The curse remains on man until atonement is made by shedding blood.  The law must be fulfilled or man is lost; When this debt is paid, man will live forever.

So spricht Jehovah: Eh’ nicht erfüllet ist das heilige Geheimniss der Versöhnung, so lange bleibt das menschliche Geschlecht verworfen und beraubt des ew’gen Lebens.

Jesus and Seraph

Duet

On me then falls this heavy burden.  Its weight, O
Father, help me bear; On me now falls the weight of anguish.  If Thou will mankind’s children spare.

So ruhe denn mit ganzer Schwere, auf mir, mein Vater, dein Gericht.  Giess’ uber mich den Strom der Leiden, nur zürne Adams Kindern night.

Behold the Saviour!  How he trembles!  What heavy sorrows he sustains; Such weighty burdens fall upon him; A world of grief and heavy pains.  Though great the pain, the grief, the terror, From God’s own justice on Him hurled, Yet greater far the love and mercy All used to save a woeful world!

Erschuttert sch’ich den Erhab’nen, in Todesleiden eingehüllt.  Ich bebe, und mich selbst umwehen die Grabesschauer, die er fühlt.  Gross sind die Qual, die Angst, die Schrecken, die Gottes Hand auf ihn ergiesst: dosh grösser ist noch seine Liebe, mit der sein Herz die Welt umschliesst!

Jesus

Recitative

O welcome, death, which I must suffer, for man’s salvation, on the cross.  O, ye who in cold graves are sleeping, in eternal sleep deep in its grasp holds fast, henceforth awake to joy and bliss.  Awaken.

Willkommen, Tod, den ich am Kreuze zum Heil der Menschheit blutend sterbe!  O seid in eurer kühlen Gruft gesegnet, die ein ew’erg Schlaf in seinen Armen hält; ihr werdet froh zur Seligkeit erwachen.

Soldiers

We surely here shall find him.  We’ll take him and we’ll find him.  Although he tries to fly, Tomorrow he will die!

Wir haben ihn gesehen nach diesem Berge gehen, entfliehen kann er nicht, ja, seiner wartet das Gericht.

Jesus

Recitative

They now approach the great Redeemer, who prays to heaven; O Father, do let the heavy hours of pain pass O’er me soon; let them fly like the swift winds as it pushes a storm quickly across the sky.  Yet, not my will be done; Thine only be accomplished.

Die mich zu fangen ausgezogen sind, die nahen nun.  Mein Vater!  O fuhr in schnellem Flug der Leiden.  Stunden an mir vorüber, dass sie flieh’n, rasch, wie die Wolken, die ein sturmwind treibt, an deinem Himmein zieh’n.  Doch nicht mein Wille; dein Wille nur geschehe.

Soldiers

Now, traitor, we will tie thee and punish thee at last, Thou self-styled KIng of Jewry, we’ll seize and bind thee fast!

Hier ist er, der Verbannte, der sich im Volke kühn, der Juden Konig mannte; ergrieft und bindet ihn!

Disciples

What noise is this around us?  Our deadly foes have found us!  With soldiers cruel on high, O whither can we fly?

Was soll der Lärm bedeuten?  Es ist um uns geschehen!  Umringt von rauhen Kriegern, wie wird es unsergehn?

Peter

Recitative

We cannot thus allow our Lord be harmed and stand aside.  Our Lord, Our Friend and Master!  I must assay to leave Thee.

Nicht ungestraft soll der Verweg’nen Schaar dich Herrlichen, dich meinen Freund und Meister, mit frecher Hand ergriefen.

Jesus

O, let the sword remain within its sheath.  Were it the will of my heavenly Father to save this head from foes who wish to harm it, Legions of o’erpowering Angels with orders straight from Heaven would come.

O lass dein Schwert in seiner Scheide ruh’n!  Wenn es der Wille meines Vaters wäre, aus der Gewalt der Feinde mich zu reten, so würden Legionen Engel bereit zu meiner Rettung sein.

Peter

Trio

My beating heart is angry; with rage o’erpowering it grows.  Let vengeance now be sated on impious, cruel foes!

In meinen Adern wuhlen gchtereer Zorn und Wuth, lass meine Rache kühlen, in der Verweg’nen Blut.

Jesus

Let vengeance come from Heaven!  Did not our Master say:  Forgive and love each other; let good for ill repay.

Du solist nicht Rache üben!  Rache uben!  Ich lehrt’ euch blos allein die Menschen alle lieben, dem Feinde gern verzeih’n.

Seraph

Inspired words are spoken above all human code.  Heaven bids be loving, in all ways, bids our God!

Merk’ auf, o Mensch, und höre: Nur eines Gottes Mund macht solche heil’g Lehre der Nächstenliebe kund.

Jesus and Seraph

What heavenly joys await them who listen to his word; to love the foes that hate them, ‘Tis thus to please the Lord!

O menschenkinder, fasset dies heilige Gebot; Liebt jenen, der euch hasset, nur so gefallt ihr Gott.

Soldiers

Quick, seize and bind this arrant traitor; Let’s here no longer stay.  Death to the arch imposter!  Let’s drag him hence away.

Auf!  ergreifet den Verräther, weilet hier nun länger nicht!  Fort jetzt mit dem Missethäter, schleppt ihn schleunig vor Gericht.

Disciples

O, how our Lord is hated, cruelly treated, dragged on high.  We’ll now join him in his bondage, doomed to anguish, doomed to die.

Ach, wir werden seinetwegan auch gehasst, verfolget sein!  Man wird uns in Bande legen martern und dem Tode weih’n.

Jesus

Now transgressors, see him wounded!  My redemption work is done!  Powers of Hell are now confounded and the fight will soon be won.

Mein Qual ist bald verschwunden, der Erlösung Werk vollbracht, bald ist gänzlich überwunden und besiegt der Hölle Macht.

Chorus

Glorious worlds above us spire,

Happy Seraphs sing your joys.

Man, join in the holy choir,

Hail the great Redeemer’s praise.

Welten singen Dank und Ehre dem

erhab’nem, Gottes Sohn,

Preiset ihn, ihr Englechöre,

laut im heil’gen, Jubelton!

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last_Supper, quoted without emphasis, hyperlinks and references.
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christ_on_the_Mount_of_Olives_(Beethoven), quoted without hyperlinks and references.
[4] There are several performances of Christus am Ölberge  on YouTube, below are two of them:

Saturday, March 27, 2021

Palm Sunday - 28 March 2021

Quoted from Learn Religions [1]:

Palm Sunday is a moveable feast, meaning the date changes every year based on the liturgical calendar. Palm Sunday always falls one week before Easter Sunday.

Quoted from Wikipedia [2]:

The Gospel of Matthew claims that this happened that the prophecy might be fulfilled of: Zechariah 9:9 "The Coming of Zion's King – See, your king comes to you, righteous and victorious, lowly and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey"....

According to the Gospels, Jesus Christ rode on a donkey into Jerusalem, and the celebrating people there laid down their cloaks and small branches of trees in front of [H]im, singing part of Psalm 118: 25–26 – Blessed is He who comes in the name of the Lord. We bless you from the house of the Lord.

The symbolism of the donkey may refer to the Eastern tradition that it is an animal of peace, unlike the horse which is the animal of war.  A king would have ridden a horse when he was bent on war and ridden a donkey to symbolize his arrival in peace. Jesus' entry to Jerusalem would have thus symbolized [H]is entry as the Prince of Peace, not as a war-waging king....
...

Palm Sunday commemorates the entrance of Christ into Jerusalem (Matthew 21:1–9) ... before [H]is arrest on Holy Thursday and [H]is crucifixion on Good Friday. It thus marks the beginning of Holy Week, the final week of Lent.

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm_Sunday, quoted without hyperlinks and references.

Thursday, March 25, 2021

Commemoration Of The Seven Sorrows Of The Blessed Virgin Mary - Friday In Passion Week

Quoted from The Daily Knight [1]:

"O God, in Whose Passion, according to the prophecy of Simeon, the sword of sorrow did pierce the most sweet soul of the glorious Mary, Virgin and Mother; mercifully grant that we who call to mind with veneration her anguish and suffering, may obtain the blessed fruit of Thy Passion through the glorious merits and prayers of all the Saints who have faithfully stood by the cross interceding for us: Who livest and reignest." - Roman Catholic Daily Missal, 1962

Image below photographed from the same source as above [2]:




[2] Ibid.

Wednesday, March 24, 2021

Feast Of The Annuciation Of The Blessed Virgin Mary - 25 March

Quoted in part from Wikipedia [1]:

The Feast of the Annunciation, contemporarily the Solemnity of the Annunciation, ... commemorates the visit of the archangel Gabriel to the Virgin Mary, during which he informed her that she would be the mother of Jesus Christ, the Son of God. It is celebrated on 25 March each year. In the Roman Catholic Church, when 25 March falls during the Paschal Triduum, it is transferred forward to the first suitable day during Eastertide...

Quoted in part from EWTN [2]:

[Archangel Gabriel] begins his address to [the Blessed Virgin Mary] with <Hail! full of grace.>

...


[Archangel Gabriel] concludes his address with these words: <Blessed art thou among women[.]>


Quoted in part from Learn Religions [3]:

...Luke 1:26-38...
“Do not be afraid, Mary, for you have found favor with God. And behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son and you shall call his name Jesus.” And Mary said to the angel, “How can this be since I have no husband?” And the angel said to her, “The Holy Spirit will come upon you and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; therefore, the child to be born will be called holy, the Son of God for with God, nothing is impossible.” Mary said, “Behold, I am the handmaid of the Lord; let it be done to me according to your word.”

Quoted in part from Wikipedia [4]:

Eve...is an English given name for a female, derived from the Latin name Eva...

The song Ave Maris Stella (Hail Star of the Sea)'s lyrics in English are quoted from The Most Holy Rosary.com [Emphasis added] [5]:

Hail Star of the Sea
Hail, thou Star of ocean,
Portal of the sky !
Ever Virgin Mother
Of the Lord most high !

Oh ! by Gabriel's Ave,
Uttered long ago,
Eva's name reversing,
Stablish peace below.

Break the captive's fetters ;
Light on blindness pour ;
All our ills expelling,
Every bliss implore.

Show thyself a Mother ;
Offer Him our sighs,
Who for us Incarnate
Did not thee despise.

Virgin of all virgins !
To thy shelter take us :
Gentlest of the gentle !
Chaste and gentle make us.

Still, as on we journey,
Help our weak endeavor ;
Till with thee and Jesus
We rejoice forever.

Through the highest heaven,
To the Almighty Three,
Father, Son, and Spirit,
One same glory be.  Amen.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feast_of_the_Annunciation, quoted without hyperlinks and reference.

Tuesday, March 23, 2021

Feast Day Of Saint Gabriel The Archangel - 24 March

Quoted from Wikipedia [1]:

Saint Gabriel the Archangel's festival day was exclusively celebrated on 18 March according to many sources dating between 1588 and 1921...

The feast of Saint Gabriel [the Archangel] was included by Pope Benedict XV in the General Roman Calendar in 1921, for celebration on 24 March. In 1969 the day was officially transferred to 29 September for celebration in conjunction with the feast of the archangels St. Michael and St. Raphael.

Quoted in part from Catholic Exchange [2]:

1. Messenger

The word Angel, from Greek, means Messenger. Gabriel is sent from the throne of the Triune God, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, as a Messenger. These Divine and Angelic messages are of the greatest importance. First, that John the Baptist will be born despite the advanced age of his Mother, St. Elizabeth. Second, the greatest message of all times will be delivered on the part of the Archangel Gabriel and that will be to Mary.

2. The Annunciation

The Archangel Gabriel announces to the Blessed Virgin Mary the greatest message in the history of the world—namely, that Mary is chosen by God to be the Mother of Jesus, the Savior of the world. Never was there a more important message...in the history of humanity, that Jesus, the Savior will enter the world through the announcement of the Archangel Gabriel and the consent of the humble Virgin of Nazareth.

3. The Hail Mary

The prayer that is recited millions of times every day throughout the entire world, has as its origin the words and the announcement of the Archangel Gabriel—“Hail Mary, full of grace….” For that reason, the technical name of the Hail Mary is really “The Angelic Salutation”—the greeting of the Archangel Gabriel. This being said, every time we pray the prayer that Our Lady loves most, we start off the prayer using the words of the Archangel Gabriel. How important is this angel and how underestimated he is in the history of salvation!

....


5. Mary’s Consent Witnessed by the Archangel Gabriel

The conclusion of the dialogue between the Archangel Gabriel and the Blessed Virgin Mary culminates in Mary’s consent, in Latin, Mary’s FIAT: “Behold, I am the handmaid of the Lord; let it be done to me according to your word.” (Lk. 1:38) Not only does the Archangel Gabriel deliver this all-important message to Mary, but he hears and witnesses what can be considered among the most important words in the history of the world’s salvation....


[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel, quoted without hyperlinks and references.

Saturday, March 20, 2021

Passion Sunday - 21 March

Qutoed from Wikipedia [1]:

Passiontide (in the Christian liturgical year) is a name for the last two weeks of Lent, beginning on the Fifth Sunday of Lent, long celebrated as Passion Sunday, and ending on Holy Saturday.
...

Passion Week is a name for the week beginning on Passion Sunday [21 March 2021], as the Fifth Sunday of Lent was once called in the Roman Rite.
....

In the 1969 revision, Passiontide ceased to be a separate liturgical season and became the Fifth Week of Lent, followed by Holy Week.

Quote in part from newliturgicalmovement.org [2]:

In the 1962 [Roman Catholic Missal] calendar, the last two weeks of Lent constitute a veritable season within a season. “Passiontide,” which begins with Passion Sunday, is a heightened anticipation of, and preparation for, the Paschal mystery of Our Lord’s death and resurrection. Whereas the earlier weeks of Lent, while still cognizant of Our Lord’s imminent Passion, focus more on the penance and mortification of the faithful, Passiontide focuses more on...the Passion of the Christ. During this time, sacred images in the church are covered as a sign of sorrow, as a way of enlivening our sense of unworthiness, and in order to direct our attention to the mystery of the season...


Tuesday, March 16, 2021

Feast Day Of Saint Patrick - 17 March

 Quoted from History [1]:

St. Patrick Wasn't Irish

St. Patrick was born in Britain—not Ireland—to wealthy parents near the end of the fourth century....

Although his father was a Christian deacon, it has been suggested that he probably took on the role because of tax incentives and there is no evidence that Patrick came from a particularly religious family.
 
Quoted from Roman Catholic Saints [2]:

St Patrick begins by humbly calling himself  “a sinner, a most simple countryman, the least of all the faithful and most contemptible to many…” 

Quoted from Wikipedia [3]:

According to the Confession of Saint Patrick, at the age of sixteen he was captured by a group of Irish pirates ["who were attacking his family’s estate."] [4] They took him to Ireland where he was enslaved and held captive for six years. Patrick writes in the Confession that the time he spent in captivity was critical to his spiritual development. He explains that the Lord had mercy on his youth and ignorance, and afforded him the opportunity to be forgiven his sins and convert to Christianity. While in captivity, he worked as a shepherd and strengthened his relationship with God through prayer, eventually leading him to convert to Christianity. 
[Patrick tended his master’s sheep, and during that time he relates that “the Lord opened my mind to an awareness of my unbelief, in order that, even so late, I might remember my transgressions and turn with all my heart to the Lord my God, who had regard for my insignificance and pitied me in my youth and ignorance. He watched over me before I knew him, and before I had enough sense to distinguish between good and evil, and He protected me, and consoled me as a father would his son.”

[Patrick began to love God, praying many times a day as he tended his flock. “More and more did the love of God, and my fear of him and faith increase. My spirit was moved so that in a day I said up to a hundred prayers, and in the night a like number. I used to stay out in the forests and on the mountain and I would wake up before daylight to pray in the snow, in icy coldness, in rain, and I used to feel neither ill nor any slothfulness, because, as I now see, the Spirit was burning in me at that time.”

[“Therefore, indeed, I cannot keep silent, nor would it be proper, so many favors and graces has the Lord deigned to bestow on me in the land of my captivity. For after chastisement from God, and recognizing Him, our way to repay Him is to exalt Him and confess His wonders before every nation under heaven.”] [5] 
After six years of captivity he heard a voice telling him that he would soon go home... [“You do well to fast: soon you will depart for your home country,” and a short time later, “Behold, your ship is ready.” St Patrick fled from his master and went along a route as God directed until he had travelled two hundred miles to a port where he had never been.

[St Patrick arrived just as a ship was prepared to set out, and although the men who owned the ship initially refused him passage, they later relented after St Patrick prayed to God for assistance.

[After three days they reached land, but then they journeyed for twenty-eight days through uninhabited country. When their food ran out and hunger overtook them, the steersman asked St Patrick: “Christian, you say your God is great and all-powerful, so why can you not pray for us? We may perish of hunger, for it is unlikely indeed that we shall ever see another human being.”

[St Patrick answered confidently: “Be converted by faith with all your heart to my Lord God, because nothing is impossible for Him, so that today He will send food for you on our road, until you be sated, because everywhere He abounds.” Soon a herd of swine appeared on the road before them, of which they slew many. They remained there for two nights until they were full of meat and well restored, for many of them had fainted and would otherwise have been left half-dead by the wayside. After this they gave the utmost thanks to God, and Patrick was esteemed in their eyes, and from that day on they had food abundantly. They discovered wild honey, besides, and they offered a share to Patrick, who said to them: “It is a sacrifice,” and would taste none of it.] [6]

Patrick recounts that he had a vision a few years after returning home:
I saw a man coming, as it were from Ireland. His name was Victoricus, and he carried many letters, and he gave me one of them. I read the heading: "The Voice of the Irish". As I began the letter, I imagined in that moment that I heard the voice of those very people who were near the wood of Foclut, which is beside the western sea—and they cried out, as with one voice: "We appeal to you, holy servant boy, to come and walk among us."
... 
Patrick studied in Europe principally at Auxerre, but is thought to have visited the Marmoutier Abbey, Tours and to have received the tonsure at Lérins Abbey. Saint Germanus of Auxerre, a bishop of the Western Church, ordained him to the priesthood.

Acting on his vision, Patrick returned to Ireland as a Christian missionary....
...
Legend credits Patrick with teaching the Irish about the doctrine of the Holy Trinity by showing people the shamrock, a three-leafed plant, using it to illustrate the Christian teaching of three persons in one God. This story first appears in writing in 1726, though it may be older. The shamrock has since become a central symbol for Saint Patrick's Day.

In pagan Ireland, three was a significant number and the Irish had many triple deities, a fact that may have aided Patrick in his evangelisation efforts when he "held up a shamrock and discoursed on the Christian Trinity".

Quoted from Wikipedia [7]:

Saint Patrick ... was a fifth-century Romano-British Christian missionary and bishop in Ireland. Known as the "Apostle of Ireland", he is the primary patron saint of Ireland, the other patron saints being Brigit of Kildare and Columba. Patrick was never formally canonised, having lived prior to the current laws of the Catholic Church in these matters. Nevertheless, he is venerated as a Saint in the Catholic Church and in the Eastern Orthodox Church, where he is regarded as equal-to-the-apostles and Enlightener of Ireland. He is also regarded as a Saint within the framework of their respective doctrine by the Anglican Communion and the Lutheran Churches.

Quoted from Roman Catholic Saints [8]:

St Patrick died on the 17th of March, 493. He awaits the day of resurrection, as he wrote in his Confession: “For the sun we see rises each day for us at His command, but it will never reign, neither will its splendor last, but all who worship it will come wretchedly to punishment. We, on the other hand, shall not die, who believe in and worship the true sun, Christ, who will never die, no more shall he die who has done Christ's will, but will abide for ever just as Christ abides forever, who reigns with God the Father Almighty and with the Holy Spirit before the beginning of time and now and forever and ever. Amen.”

Showing a photograph (obtained online - image cropped and adjusted) of a shamrock in honor of the legend crediting Saint Patrick "with teaching the Irish about the doctrine of the Holy Trinity by showing people the shamrock" [9]: 



[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Patrick, quoted without references and hyperlinks.
[6] Ibid.
[7] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Patrick, quoted without references and hyperlinks.

Wednesday, March 10, 2021

Feast Of Saint John Of God - 8 March (2 days ago)

 Quoted below, in part, is from REGINA Magazine [1], by Fr. Francis Xavier Weninger, 1877:

... One day John met on the road a poor barefooted lad, shivering with the cold. He took him up in his arms to bring him to a shelter. At first his burden appeared light, but gradually the burden became so heavy that he was obliged to sit down and rest. The boy then made himself known by displaying a pomegranate surmounted by a cross, saying, at the same time: “John, you will find your cross at Granada.” After these words he vanished. John, moved by an interior impulse, proceeds to Granada, hears a sermon preached, on the feast of St. Sebastian, by the celebrated F. Avila, which so touched his heart with sorrow for his sins that he wept aloud.

He now began in earnest to lead a penitential life. A desire to humble himself and to court the contempt of the world, induced him to act for a time the part of a madman. He was, therefore, taken to the hospital, locked in a cell, and subjected to harsh treatment. F. Avila, hearing of this, ordered him to lay aside his assumed madness, and perform the will of God by assisting the poor and sick. He obeyed, and waited upon the inmates of the hospital. Very soon, however, he purchased a dwelling with the alms he had gathered, and fitted it up for the reception of the sick. He carried the infirm on his shoulders to this house, and received those who came with the greatest tenderness. He cheerfully procured food and medicine for the sick, waited on them by day and night with the most unwearied zeal, consoled them in their sufferings, encouraged them to patience, and, when there was danger of death, exhorted them to receive the last Sacraments. He never left their bedside until death had claimed its own. God also sent him companions, who followed his example with zeal and devotion. Thus did the Order of Charity begin, which afterwards spread over many countries and wrought the salvation of many souls. The clergy and laity were greatly pleased with this work of charity, and gladly assisted John with abundant alms. In asking alms, he always said: “Be merciful to yourself, and do good to yourself; for,” he used to say, “almsgiving is of far more benefit to the donor than to the receiver.” At other times he would exclaim: “Brethren, do good while you have time.” Still abuse and injury from the ill-disposed were not wanting. St. John also had to suffer much from calumny and persecutions. This, however, did not prevent him from continuing his life of sacrifice. To his enemies his answers were always full of meekness, and thoughts of revenge were foreign to him. “If I wish to be saved,” he would say, “I must pardon my enemies sooner or later; I will do it rather this moment.

Though he was meek and gentle to his enemies, tender and charitable towards the sick, towards himself he had only austerity; for he chastised his body by watching, fasting, and other penances. Prayer occupied all the time not employed in works of charity. Our Lord and His Blessed Mother frequently appeared to the Saint, while engaged in this exercise. Thus, our, Lady once showed him a crown of thorns and placed it on his head, with these words: “Through thorns and suffering, my Divine Son wishes you to merit the crown prepared for you in heaven.” Hardly had these words been spoken, when acute pains seized the Saint over his whole body, but more particularly in the head. However, by meditating on the Passion of Christ, and the greatness of the future reward, he lessened his sufferings. On another occasion, he found a traveller lying on the road who seemed to be dangerously ill, and, transporting him to the hospital, he washed his feet and laid him in a bed. As he was about kissing the feet of the poor man, according to his usual custom, he remarked that they were transpierced. It was Christ Himself, under the form of a poor man, who spoke thus to St. John: “Whatever you do to the needy and suffering, I take as done to myself.” At another time, he fell to the ground under the weight of a sick man whom he was carrying, and a beautiful youth helped him to arise. On being asked who he was, the reply was given: “I am the Archangel Raphael, commissioned by the Almighty to protect and guard you and yours.”

Quoted from Wikipedia [2]:

Slowly John drew to himself a dedicated circle of disciples who felt called to join him in this service. He organized his followers into the Order of Hospitallers, who were approved by the Holy See in 1572 as the Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God, who care for the sick in countries around the world. 

Quoted from another page in Wikipedia [3]:

The Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God (officially the Hospitaller Order of the Brothers of Saint John of God; abbreviated as O.H.) are a Catholic order founded in 1572. In Italian they are also known commonly as the Fatebenefratelli, meaning "Do-Good Brothers" , and elsewhere as the Brothers of Mercy, the "Merciful Brothers" and the "John of God Brothers". The Order carries out a wide range of health and social service activities in 389 centres and services in 46 countries.

From the same page cited immediately above, there were sexual abuse scandals reported in Australia and New Zealand. [4]

It is a sad reality that no matter how holy a founder is, evil can find ways to pervert the founder's hopes and well-intentioned objectives.


[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_God, quoted without references and hyperlinks.
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brothers_Hospitallers_of_Saint_John_of_God, quoted without references and hyperlinks.

Monday, March 1, 2021

Feast Day Of Saint Thomas Aquinas - 7 March

On the side column in Wikipedia  the feast day of Saint Thomas Aquinas is on "28 January (ordinary form), 7 March (extraordinary form)." [1]

The canonization of Thomas Aquinas [2]:

When the devil's advocate at his canonization process objected that there were no miracles, one of the cardinals answered, "Tot miraculis, quot articulis"—"there are as many miracles (in his life) as articles (in his Summa)". Fifty years after Thomas's death, on 18 July 1323, Pope John XXII, seated in Avignon, pronounced Thomas a saint.

The "devil's advocate" is defined as [3]:

The advocatus diaboli (Latin for Devil's advocate) is a former official position within the Catholic Church, the Promoter of the Faith: one who "argued against the canonization (sainthood) of a candidate in order to uncover any character flaws or misrepresentation of the evidence favoring canonization".

Quoted from Wikipedia [4]:

His best-known works are the Disputed Questions on Truth (1256–1259), the Summa contra Gentiles (1259–1265), and the unfinished but massively influential Summa Theologica a.k.a. Summa Theologiae (1265–1274). His commentaries on Scripture and on Aristotle also form an important part of his body of work. Furthermore, Thomas is distinguished for his eucharistic hymns, which form a part of the church's liturgy. The Catholic Church honors Thomas Aquinas as a saint and regards him as the model teacher for those studying for the priesthood, and indeed the highest expression of both natural reason and speculative theology

Thomas Aquinas' "just war doctrine" [5]:

Thomas Aquinas, centuries after Augustine of Hippo, used the authority of Augustine's arguments in an attempt to define the conditions under which a war could be just. He laid these out in his historic work, Summa Theologica:
  • First, war must occur for a good and just purpose rather than the pursuit of wealth or power.
  • Second, just war must be waged by a properly instituted authority such as the state.
  • Third, peace must be a central motive even in the midst of violence.

On the "just war" doctrine, a question and two articles follow:

1.  Going to war leads inevitably to killing.  Does that not violate one of the Ten Commandments:  "Thou shalt not kill?"  Exodus 20:13 [6]

2.  There are many articles online that maintain that "just war" is warranted, practically and theologically.  This is one of them: https://christiananswers.net/q-faith/fc-warperspectives.html

3.  Quoted below is what Business Insider  included in one of its recent articles entitled Biden is on the verge of making the same dangerous mistakes as the presidents before him [7]: 

In a famous speech, Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, son of a president and destined himself to occupy the White House, warned Americans against the temptation to go "abroad in search of monsters to destroy."

To indulge in this temptation, Adams believed, was to risk involving the United States "beyond the power of extrication, in all the wars of interest and intrigue, of individual avarice, envy, and ambition, which assume the colors and usurp the standard of freedom."

This aptly describes the situation in which the United States finds itself today, mired in senseless "forever wars," maintaining over 800 foreign bases, seeking to contain the rise of China by military intimidation, and expending roughly a trillion dollars a year for what is loosely termed national security, even as hundreds of thousands of Americans are felled by disease. There is something radically amiss with the reigning ideas of security.

...

President Dwight Eisenhower once warned against the dangers of the "Military Industrial Complex." Simply put, the defense industry is big business. It makes a lot of money and creates some jobs, which, in turn, buys lobbying power.

The defense industry is not the only one exerting influence on Washington. There are also many foreign powers that support the status quo because it benefits their own political interests in their respective regions. Both groups have vast resources to spread around and gain influence. Too often, the results are unnecessary conflicts or tensions with countries - from Cuba to Libya to Iraq to Iran - that don't pose a significant threat to the American people.


For those who would like to learn more about Saint Thomas Aquinas can visit Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy at https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aquinas/

Other thoughts:

1.  God gave Saint Thomas Aquinas the gifts of intellect, knowledge and more.
2.  God gave Saint Francis of Assisi the gifts of a vision, the stigmata and more.
3.  St. Thomas Aquinas focused mainly on learning, philosophy and music [8] whereas St. Francis of Assisi focused mainly on humility, poverty and prayer.

Copied below is from Works Of The Seraphic Father St. Francis Of Assisi, St. Pius X Press, (ISBN-13 : 978-1468130591), pages 118-119:

                      CONFERENCE  XV.
Of those who Apply themselves to Learning.
THOSE Brothers who study from curiosity will find
their hands empty in the day of tribulation.  There-
fore I would rather they be strengthened in
virtue, that when the day the trial comes, they may
have the Lord with them in their anguish; for a time
of tribulation will come, when their books will be
thrown away as useless.  I do not wish my Brothers
to be too anxious for books and knowledge; but I
desire them to be grounded in holy Humility and pure
Simplicity, in holy Prayer, and my Lady Poverty.
This is the only secure way to our own salvation, and
the edification of others; for Christ, Whom the
Brethren are bound to imitate, has taught us only
this way, both by His Word and example.  Many
Brethren, under pretense of edifying others, will turn
aside from their vocation, which is Holy Humility, pure
Simplicity, Prayer and Devotion, and our Lady holy
Poverty.  And it will happen to them that, while they
imagine they are full of devotion, inflamed with love,
and illuminated with the knowledge of God through
their understanding the Holy Scriptures, they will,
on this very account, remain cold and vain; and thus
they will not be able to return to their first vocation,
because they have lost the time of living as they
ought, in vain and false study.

 

[2] Ibid., quoted without hyperlinks and references.
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devil%27s_advocate, quoted without emphasis, hyperlinks and references.
[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas#Revelation, quoted without hyperlinks and references.
[5] Ibid., quoted without hyperlinks and references.
[8] "Though not a prolific writer of hymns, St. Thomas has contributed to the long list of Latin hymns some which have been in use in the services of the Church of Rome from his day to this. They are upon the subject of the Lord's Supper. The best known are:—
Pange lingua gloriosi Corporis Mysterium [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U-AsvDn87fo];
Adoro te devote latens Deitas [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L2xX8tWaTx4];
Sacris sollemniis juncta sint gaudia [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LqGN8HSPDSs];
and Verbum supernum prodiens [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjIa2cMYjy4].
The 1st, 3rd, and 5th of these are found in the Roman Breviary, the 2nd, 4th, and 5th in Newman's Hymni Ecclesiae; the 4th in the Roman Missal; all of them appear in Daniel; the 2nd and 4th in Mone; and the 2nd, 4th, and 5th in Königsfeld."
(Quoted from https://hymnary.org/person/Aquinas_T?tab=tunes, click on "See More.")